# Fluid Volume Excess
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**Fluid volume excess** or **hypervolemia** is too much [[body fluids|fluid volume]]
>[!bug] Note incomplete
>Hi! Chromatic here. If you've come to this note or section and it's disappointingly empty or unreadably messy, sorry! This is a placeholder note and/or my "raw" class notes. Technically every note in this vault is a work in progress, but I'm aware that this one is particularly rough. Hopefully I'll get to it one day.
causes
<3 failure
fluids can back up into the lungs
a lot of the time these pateints are on diuretics
kidney injury
decreased filtration of fluids
liver disease/chrirosis
albumin
draws water into the vasculature
if there isn't albumin in the vessels, water stays in the tissues
^ Na+ intake
water follows sodium
^ IV fluids
especially with salty fluids (which is a lot of them)
v protein intake
back to albumin (see above)
corticosterioid therapy
aldosterone
nursing assessment
<3
^ BP
^ HR
heart is trying to accomidate that extra fluid
dishrythmias
any time the herat has to work harder, it can be out of rhythm
espceially tachy and afib
full bounding pulse
possible jugular vein distension
lungs
crackles
SOB
^ RR
integument
pitting edema
cool to the touch
pallor, if applicable
kidneys
increased urine output
neuro
lethargic
AME
headache
MSK
weak/tired
GI
dihrrea
^ body weight
labs
v htc
v serum osmolality
v serum Na+
dilutional hyponatremia
v urine specific gravity
medical interventions
stop cause
v fluid/sodium intake
low sodium diet
salt substitutes
monitor K! especially for patients taking K sparing diuretics
diuretics
thiazide diuretics such as HCTZ for mild to moderate hypervolemia
not used *as* much anymore
loop diuretics such as [[diuretics#Furosemide|furosemide]] for severe hypervolemia
nursing interventions
strict I/Os/daily weights
assess
especially <3 and lungs
meds
will probably be diuretics and possibly K+
promote adherence
teaching
avoid Na+
tricky avoiding those hidden sodiums
promote rest
Problem based care plans
Fluid overload
electrolyte imbalance
Na+ in partercular
risk for altered skin integrety
with edma in particular
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